Optimal power settings for Holmium: YAG lithotripsy
PURPOSE: We determined the optimal Ho: YAG lithotripsy power settings to achieve
maximal fragmentation, minimal fragment size and minimal retropulsion. MATERIALS AND
METHODS: Stone phantoms were irradiated in water with a Ho: YAG laser using a 365 μm
optical fiber. Six distinct power settings were tested, including 0.2 to 2.0 J and 10 to 40 Hz.
For all cohorts 500 J total radiant energy were delivered. A seventh cohort (0.2 J 40 Hz) was
tested post hoc to a total energy of 1,250 J. Two experimental conditions were tested …
maximal fragmentation, minimal fragment size and minimal retropulsion. MATERIALS AND
METHODS: Stone phantoms were irradiated in water with a Ho: YAG laser using a 365 μm
optical fiber. Six distinct power settings were tested, including 0.2 to 2.0 J and 10 to 40 Hz.
For all cohorts 500 J total radiant energy were delivered. A seventh cohort (0.2 J 40 Hz) was
tested post hoc to a total energy of 1,250 J. Two experimental conditions were tested …