used nowadays. However, a huge number of spent batteries bring harmful resource waste
and environmental hazards as LIBs are mainly composed of heavy metals and organic
electrolytes. Consequently, recycling spent LIBs has become a hot topic lately, where
researchers are actively working to develop a plethora of methods to extract valuable metals
and components. In this study, mesoporous Li–Ni–Mn–Co oxide nanoparticles have been …