… has mostly been used in solutions containing multiple … polymer materials, poly(vinylidene
fluoride) (PVDF) is one of … of organic–inorganic composite ion-exchange membranes …

… of hydroxyl groups contained on the … in polymer form to obtain ion exchange membranes
with common properties of biomass and PILs. Danyliv et al. synthesized a composite membrane …

… from copolymers or polymers [10]. As compared with cation-… these PVDF and nano-sized
inorganic composite membranes … ion-exchange membrane as a multiphase system containing …

… , organic–inorganic hybrid materials with different functional groups were used to form
organic–inorganic hybrid dense membranes … HM2 having the best ion transport performance. The …

… containing bonds. Thus oxidative stability for AEMs is also equally critical, like proton exchange
membranes… of a variety of anion-exchange materials and new composite membranes for …

… to synthesize anion-exchange polymeric materials containing … blends and composites
based on poly(alkene oxide)s and … , (ii) organic–inorganic hybrid membranes especially those …

… organic-inorganic composite proton exchange membranes … alcohol was added to the swelling
solution containing the … for a sulfonated PEEK membrane with an ion exchange capacity of …

… with the polymer nanofibers to reinforce the membranes. … a way to enhance the organic-inorganic
interface compatibility, and … having excellent synergistic reinforcing effects with the …

… In this research, we designed a binary polymer nanofiber of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)
and … owing to it being able to produce polymeric and composite fibers with high aspect ratios. …

… electrolyte membrane (PEM) contains nano-sized inorganic … PEMs (also termed as proton
exchange membranes) include (1) … Organic–inorganic composite materials/membranes have …