Aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) is the greatest toxic aflatoxin, contaminating a substantial portion of the global food supply. In this work, the effects of nanoparticles (NPs) type (ZnO, Fe₂O₃, MnO₂ and CuO), contact time (10–90 min), initial concentration of AFB₁ (10–30 μg/L) and NPs concentration (0.02–0.12 mg/mL) on the photocatalytic detoxification of AFB₁ were investigated in aqueous solution under UV light. These NPs were successfully prepared and confirmed with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The findings indicated complete removal of 10 μg/L AFB₁ by 0.10 mg/mL ZnO NPs aqueous solution after 60 min UV irradiation. The detoxification results of AFB₁ were adequately compatible with the pseudo-first-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models. Two AFB₁ degradation products with m/z values of 331 and 279 were identified by mass spectrometry. Application of this NP in soymilk completely removed AFB₁ under UV irradiation with no significant effect on its overall acceptability. Therefore, it can be considered as a promising approach to reduce AFB₁ in contaminated liquid foods.