spherical shapes for the same value of ka. Comparing the Q of planar antennas with this
limit does not provide sufficient insight into how well the antenna has been miniaturized
relative to the theoretical performance that can be achieved with the planar shape. In this
paper, a new bound for radiation O of planar antennas is presented, according to
Gustafsson's bounds for arbitrary shapes. In addition, a suitable Figure of Merit for antenna …