Polyunsaturated fatty acids cause apoptosis in C. albicans and C. dubliniensis biofilms
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-General Subjects, 2012•Elsevier
BACKGROUND: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have antifungal properties, but the
mode by which they induce their action is not always clear. The aim of the study was to
investigate apoptosis as a mode of action of antifungal PUFAs (stearidonic acid,
eicosapentaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid) which are inhibitory towards biofilm
formation of C. albicans and C. dubliniensis. METHODS: Candida biofilms were grown in the
absence or presence of 1mM PUFAs (linoleic acid, stearidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid …
mode by which they induce their action is not always clear. The aim of the study was to
investigate apoptosis as a mode of action of antifungal PUFAs (stearidonic acid,
eicosapentaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid) which are inhibitory towards biofilm
formation of C. albicans and C. dubliniensis. METHODS: Candida biofilms were grown in the
absence or presence of 1mM PUFAs (linoleic acid, stearidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid …
BACKGROUND
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have antifungal properties, but the mode by which they induce their action is not always clear. The aim of the study was to investigate apoptosis as a mode of action of antifungal PUFAs (stearidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid) which are inhibitory towards biofilm formation of C. albicans and C. dubliniensis.
METHODS
Candida biofilms were grown in the absence or presence of 1mM PUFAs (linoleic acid, stearidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid) for 48h at 37°C. The effect of these PUFAs on the membrane fatty acid profile and unsaturation index, oxidative stress, mitochondrial transmembrane potential and apoptosis was evaluated.
RESULTS
When biofilms of C. albicans and C. dubliniensis were exposed to certain PUFAs there was an increase in unsaturation index of the cellular membranes and accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). This resulted in apoptosis, evidenced by reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and nuclear condensation and fragmentation. The most effective PUFA was stearidonic acid.
CONCLUSIONS
The resultant cell death of both C. albicans and C. dubliniensis is due to apoptosis.
GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE
Due to the increase in drug resistance, alternative antifungal drugs are needed. A group of natural antifungal compounds is PUFAs. However, understanding their mechanisms of action is important for further use and development of these compounds as antifungal drugs. This paper provides insight into a possible mode of action of antifungal PUFAs.
Elsevier
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