The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue. The conventional synthetic products used in the population control of this vector have presented resistance of the populations, in addition to risks to the health of the population and of the applicators themselves. This study was aimed at assessing the larvicidal potential of ethanolic extracts of Ilex paraguariensis and Melia azedarach in the control of A. aegypti in laboratory conditions. The assays were performed in plastic containers with a capacity of 150 ml, where were put 60 ml of the solutions containing different concentrations of the extracts. To this solution, 10 active larvae of the instars L2 and L3 were added. The experiment was accomplished in triplicate by using a control containing only water and food. The susceptibility assessments were accomplished at 24h and 48h after application. The treatments were compared with basis on the amount of live larvae. The efficiency of the tested treatments was recorded by means of the percentage of mortality calculated by the Abbott’s formula (1925). The larvicidal potential of the treatments was

100% for the concentration of 500 µg/mL for the extract of the fruits of M. azedarach (48 h) and 2000 µg/mL for the extracts of the leaves of I. paraguariensis (24 h) and M. azedarach (48 h). The efficiency of the extracts of I. paraguariensis and M. azedarach are promising results.