… Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) is an additive manufacturing (AM) technology that enables the
production … post-processing, L-PBF is usually utilized within a manufacturing process chain. …

… powder bed is a key influencing factor. This paper introduces a method to determine the
powder bed density (PBD) during the powder bed fusion (… (PSD), powder handling, and powder …

… into the powder such as fragments from hair, gloves, cleaning brushes, other powder-handling …
issue when the same machine is used for processing different alloys. The machine and its …

… technologies, namely Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) [9], as depicted by the dotted box in Fig. 1.
… to bind powder by only melting the particles' surface. It usually requires further processing (eg…

… Small particles (smaller than 10–15 μm) reduce the flowability of the powder and increase
the risks during powder handling. Thus, a trade-off in the particle size distribution is needed to …

… This enables a homogeneous build process, reduces operator time and ensures a high level
of system security. A single automatic powder handling system [38] may be used for several …

… The process of metal additive manufacturing is a relatively … working with powder bed fusion
metal additive manufacturing. … no longer be used without extensive processing. With metal …

… In powder bed fusion additive manufacturing, the powder … relies on thin layers of powder
being spread and selectively … During powder handling, the passivated aluminum powders …

… powder-bed fusion machines, such as Arcam, EOS, Concept Laser, and 3D Systems, used
different powder… It is shown that the powder can be recycled for use with proper handling, …

… and incurs high cost and production time. Consequently, we … powder bed fusion AM systems
such as the large powder … during the handling process after building and post processing …