Ground vibration is one of the major hazards produced by rock-blasting operation. The
accurate prediction of vibration is necessary for designing controlled blasting parameters.
The existing vibration predictors consider maximum explosive charge weight per delay and
distance as the parameters responsible for ground vibration. These predictors are based on
the assumption that the geometrical parameters of the blast will be constant for a site.
However, the mining sites with bigger production targets have varying geometrical …

Conclusion In this study, the so-called improved b-value (Ib-value), a well-known parameter
in the field of seismology, has been appropriately modified to determine the fracture stages.
It is acceptable that the time variation of the Ib-values provides an index that is directly
related to the state of upcoming failure. Low Ib-values are associated with the generation
and the propagation of microfractures. When this parameter approaches a critical value—
approximately 1.0—and when it assumes values below one, it may serve as a qualitative …