Process development of power delivery through wafer vias for silicon interconnect fabric

MH Liu, B Vaisband, A Hanna, Y Luo… - 2019 IEEE 69th …, 2019 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
2019 IEEE 69th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC), 2019ieeexplore.ieee.org
At UCLA Center for Heterogeneous Integration and Performance Scaling (CHIPS), we have
been developing a fine pitch heterogeneous wafer-scale platform with a single level of
hierarchy called the silicon interconnect fabric (Si-IF). The Si-IF is a platform for
heterogeneous integration of different bare dies at fine pitch (2 to 10 μm) and close proximity
(<; 100 μm die spacing). The Si-IF platform can accommodate an entire 50 kW data center
on a single 300 mm diameter wafer. Power delivery and heat extraction are fundamental …
At UCLA Center for Heterogeneous Integration and Performance Scaling (CHIPS), we have been developing a fine pitch heterogeneous wafer-scale platform with a single level of hierarchy called the silicon interconnect fabric (Si-IF). The Si-IF is a platform for heterogeneous integration of different bare dies at fine pitch (2 to 10 μm) and close proximity (<;100 μm die spacing). The Si-IF platform can accommodate an entire 50 kW data center on a single 300 mm diameter wafer. Power delivery and heat extraction are fundamental challenges. To minimize the overhead of power conversion, current at mission (point-of-load) voltage is planned to be delivered directly to the assembly; this requires a uniform delivery of tens of kilo-amperes. Our approach is to deliver the current from the back of the Si-IF, using cooled Cu fins and through wafer vias (TWVs), to the front side of the wafer, where the dies are assembled facedown. TWVs are a key component of this power delivery system and are required to penetrate through the entire thickness of the Si-IF (500 - 700 μm). A process for fabrication of large-sized (100 μm diameter) TWVs for the Si-IF is described in this paper. The TWVs are etched in 500 μm Si wafer (aspect ratio of 1:5) and are designed to enable back-side power delivery to the integrated system. Each TWV exhibits a resistance of 1.1 mΩ with an extracted resistivity of 1.73·10 -8 Ωm. The scale and performance of these large-sized TWVs supports high current density for power delivery applications.
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