Muslims must refrain from eating, drinking, smoking, and sexual relations from sunrise to
sunset during the month of Ramadan. Serum concentrations of melatonin, steroid hormones
(cortisol, testosterone), pituitary hormones (prolactin, LH, FSH, GH, TSH) and thyroid
hormones (free thyroxin and free triiodothyronine) were documented around the clock at six
4-hourly intervals before Ramadan began and on the twenty-third day of Ramadan (daytime
fasting). Time series were analysed with repeated measures ANOVA. Statistically significant …