magnetron sputtering from a pure titanium nitride target in Ar–O 2 gas mixture with various
substrate bias voltages. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of applied substrate
bias Vs, varied from 0 to–100 V, on the deposition rate, structure, hardness and optical
properties of the TiN x O y films. The characterization of the coatings by grazing incidence X-
ray diffraction exhibited a crystalline structure of a mixture of TiN, rutile and anatase. The …