Membrane proteins are the gatekeepers to the cell and are essential to the function of all
cells, controlling the flow of molecules and information across the cell membrane. Much
effort has been put into the development of systems for studying membrane proteins in
simplified environments that nevertheless mimic their native lipid environment. After isolation
and production of purified membrane proteins in detergent, it is often necessary to
reconstitute them into a lipid structure such as liposome, nanodisc, or lipodisq. Each of these …