Regulatory T‐cells in alopecia areata
JJ Speiser, D Mondo, V Mehta… - Journal of cutaneous …, 2019 - Wiley Online Library
Journal of cutaneous pathology, 2019•Wiley Online Library
Background Alopecia areata (AA) is believed to have an autoimmune mechanism in which
the hair follicles are targeted by CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. Studies investigating the
autoimmune mechanism of other cutaneous diseases, including vitiligo, showed that Treg is
a component of cutaneous immune privilege. Our study uses immunohistochemical staining
in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue to examine the percentage of CD4+ FoxP3+,
CD25+ FoxP3+, and CD8+ FoxP3+ Treg in AA in human specimens. Methods …
the hair follicles are targeted by CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. Studies investigating the
autoimmune mechanism of other cutaneous diseases, including vitiligo, showed that Treg is
a component of cutaneous immune privilege. Our study uses immunohistochemical staining
in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue to examine the percentage of CD4+ FoxP3+,
CD25+ FoxP3+, and CD8+ FoxP3+ Treg in AA in human specimens. Methods …
Background
Alopecia areata (AA) is believed to have an autoimmune mechanism in which the hair follicles are targeted by CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. Studies investigating the autoimmune mechanism of other cutaneous diseases, including vitiligo, showed that Treg is a component of cutaneous immune privilege. Our study uses immunohistochemical staining in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue to examine the percentage of CD4+FoxP3+, CD25+FoxP3+, and CD8+FoxP3+ Treg in AA in human specimens.
Methods
Immunohistochemical double staining for CD4+FoxP3+, CD25+FoxP3+, and CD8+FoxP3+ was performed on 12 AA cases and 12 other autoimmune and non‐autoimmune cutaneous diseases. The frequency of CD4+FoxP3+, CD25+FoxP3+, and CD8+ FoxP3+ Treg was counted and expressed as a percentage of total CD4+, CD25+, and CD8+ lymphocytes, respectively, in order to account for intersample inflammatory response variability.
Results
There was a significant reduction in the mean frequency of CD4+ FoxP3+ and CD25+ FoxP3+ in AA when compared to other autoimmune and non‐autoimmune cutaneous diseases.
Conclusion
Treg is significantly lower in AA when compared to other cutaneous diseases. Additionally, this immunohistochemical‐staining protocol may be useful to evaluate Treg in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded specimens for other cutaneous diseases. Studies examining Treg in AA and other cutaneous diseases may have implications for future interventions.
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