R corn field near Durham in northern California where glyphosate had been applied at least
twice a year for over 6 yr. Based on the amount of glyphosate required to reduce growth by
50%(ED50), the R population was 6.6 times more R than the susceptible (S) standard
population. Based on the glyphosate concentration that inhibits EPSPS by 50% based on
shikimate accumulation (I50) in leaf discs, R plants were four times more R than S plants. By …