Solar energy is a renewable energy source that can generate electricity, provide hot water, heat and cool a house and provide lighting for buildings. In response to increasing electrical energy costs, thermal storage technology has recently been developed. This paper presents an introduction to previous works on thermal energy storage using PCM and their applications. The choice of the substances used largely depends upon the temperature level of the application. Phase change material (PCM) are one of the latent heat materials having low temperature range and high energy density of melting–solidification compared to the sensible heat storage. Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) with phase change materials (PCMs) deserves attention as it provides high energy density and small temperature change interval upon melting/solidifying. Phase change materials (PCMs) are becoming more and more attractive for space heating and cooling in buildings, solar applications, off-peak energy storage, and heat exchanger improvements. Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) offers a huge opportunity to reduce fuel dependency and environmental impact created by fossil fuel consumption.