Scoliosis defined as side curvatures of the spine, is a deformity investigated since ancient times but without definitive findings. Although easily diagnosed clinically and radiologically, it's difficult to clarify the etiology and treatment. Many theories have been proposed regarding the etiology. However, studies at molecular level and genetic studies have shown complex etiology but not helped for a permanent treatment plan. Ahead of, treatment modalities concerning calmodulin, gene therapy or melatonin will revive non-invasive cures.