The research is focused on the evaluation of mechanical properties of adhesive bonds with a composite layer of adhesive to increase their service life (safety) under cyclic loading of different intensities. Cyclic loading represents a frequent cause of adhesive bond failure and, thus, a reduction in their service life. Waste from the production of coconut oil, that is, coconut shells in the form of particles, was used as a filler. Coconut shells are in most cases incinerated or otherwise uselessly incinerated, but they can also be used as a natural filler. Cyclic loading (quasi-static tests) was performed for 1000 cycles in two intensities, that is, 5–30% (157–940 N) of maximum force and 5–50% (157–1567 N) of maximum force. The results of the experiment showed a positive effect of the added filler, especially at an intensity of 5–50%, when the service life of adhesive bonds with a composite adhesive layer (AB10, AB20, AB30) increased compared to adhesive bonds without added AB0 filler, which did not withstand the given intensity. A more pronounced viscoelastic behavior of adhesive bonds was demonstrated at an intensity of 5–50% between the 1st and 1000th cycle. SEM analysis showed reduced wetting of the filler and matrix and delamination due to cyclic loading.