Simulating ride-pooling services with pre-booking and on-demand customers

R Engelhardt, F Dandl, K Bogenberger - arXiv preprint arXiv:2210.06972, 2022 - arxiv.org
arXiv preprint arXiv:2210.06972, 2022arxiv.org
If private vehicle trips can be replaced, ride-pooling services can decrease parking space
needed by higher vehicle utilization and increase traffic efficiency by increasing vehicle
occupancy. Nevertheless, substantial benefits can only be achieved if a certain market
penetration is passed to find enough shareable rides for pooling to take place. Additionally,
because of their highly dynamic and stochastic nature on-demand ride-pooling services
cannot always guarantee that a request is served. Allowing customers to pre-book their trip …
If private vehicle trips can be replaced, ride-pooling services can decrease parking space needed by higher vehicle utilization and increase traffic efficiency by increasing vehicle occupancy. Nevertheless, substantial benefits can only be achieved if a certain market penetration is passed to find enough shareable rides for pooling to take place. Additionally, because of their highly dynamic and stochastic nature on-demand ride-pooling services cannot always guarantee that a request is served. Allowing customers to pre-book their trip in advance could provide benefits for both aspects. Additional knowledge helps an operator to better plan vehicle schedules to improve service efficiency while an accepted trip or a rejection can be communicated early on to the customer. This study presents a simulation framework where a ride-pooling provider offers a service in mixed operation: Customers can either use the service on-demand or pre-book trips. A graph-based batch optimization formulation is proposed to create offline schedules for pre-booking customers. Using two rolling horizons, this offline solution is forwarded to an online optimization for on-demand and pre-booking customers simultaneously. The framework is tested in a case study for Manhattan, NYC. That the graph-based batch optimization is superior to a basic insertion method in terms of solution quality and run-time. Due to additional knowledge, the ride-pooling operator can improve the solution quality significantly by serving more customers while pooling efficiency can be increased. Additionally, customers have shorter waiting and detour times the more customers book a trip in advance.
arxiv.org
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