Site characterization of rare‐earth‐doped LiNbO3 using total site selective spectroscopy
DM Gill, JC Wright, L McCaughan - Applied physics letters, 1994 - pubs.aip.org
A technique, total site selective spectroscopy, is presented to optically identify spectroscopic
sites in Er: LiNbO3. Six sites are seen; four major nonclustered sites and two minor cluster
sites. When pumping the 4 F 9/2 manifold at low temperatures (∼ 12 K), only cluster sites
are found to upconvert using a nonradiative energy transfer mechanism. The polarization of
Er3+ absorption cross sections are shown to be site dependent while the manifold lines from
different sites are highly degenerate. These characteristics likely contribute to the observed …
sites in Er: LiNbO3. Six sites are seen; four major nonclustered sites and two minor cluster
sites. When pumping the 4 F 9/2 manifold at low temperatures (∼ 12 K), only cluster sites
are found to upconvert using a nonradiative energy transfer mechanism. The polarization of
Er3+ absorption cross sections are shown to be site dependent while the manifold lines from
different sites are highly degenerate. These characteristics likely contribute to the observed …