was found to cause worldwide infections. Patients infected by HCoV-NL63 are typically
young children with upper and lower respiratory tract infection, presenting with symptoms
including croup, bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Unfortunately, there are currently no effective
antiviral therapy to contain HCoV-NL63 infection. CoV genomes encode an integral viral
component, main protease (Mpro), which is essential for viral replication through proteolytic …