Sums of two squares in short intervals in polynomial rings over finite fields

E Bank, L Bary-Soroker, A Fehm - American Journal of Mathematics, 2018 - muse.jhu.edu
American Journal of Mathematics, 2018muse.jhu.edu
Landau's theorem asserts that the asymptotic density of sums of two squares in the interval
$1\leq n\leq x $ is $ K/{\sqrt {\log x}} $, where $ K $ is the Landau-Ramanujan constant. It is
an old problem in number theory whether the asymptotic density remains the same in
intervals $| nx|\leq x^{\epsilon} $ for a fixed $\epsilon $ and $ x\to\infty $. This work resolves
a function field analogue of this problem, in the limit of a large finite field. More precisely,
consider monic $ f_0\in\Bbb {F} _q [T] $ of degree $ n $ and take $\epsilon $ with …
Abstract
Landau's theorem asserts that the asymptotic density of sums of two squares in the interval is , where is the Landau-Ramanujan constant. It is an old problem in number theory whether the asymptotic density remains the same in intervals for a fixed and . This work resolves a function field analogue of this problem, in the limit of a large finite field. More precisely, consider monic of degree and take with . Then the asymptotic density of polynomials in the" interval" that are of the form , is ${1\over 4^ n}\big (\matrix {2n\atop n}\big) $ as . This density agrees with the asymptotic density of such monic 's of degree as , as was shown by the second author, Smilanski, and Wolf. A key point in the proof is the calculation of the Galois group of , where is a polynomial of degree with a few variable coefficients: The Galois group is the hyperoctahedral group of order .
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