In this review, we address recent advances in the field of synthetic biology and describe how
those tools have been applied to produce a wide variety of chemicals in microorganisms.
Here we classify the expansion of the synthetic biology toolbox into three different categories
based on their primary function in strain engineering—for design, for construction, and for
optimization. Next, focusing on recent years, we look at how chemicals have been produced
using these new synthetic biology tools. Advances in producing fuels are briefly described …