Tailored interface stabilization of FTO transparent conducting electrodes boosting electron and Li ion transport for electrochromic energy-storage devices

MH Jo, BR Koo, KH Kim, HJ Ahn - Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022 - Elsevier
MH Jo, BR Koo, KH Kim, HJ Ahn
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022Elsevier
Transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) play an important role in transporting electrons to
an active layer, which directly affects electrochemical reactions in electrochromic (EC)
energy-storage devices. However, homogeneous and fast electron supply to
electrochemically active layer is mainly limited by interfacial properties of the TCE.
Especially, a rough interfacial structure leads to redundant voids for electron scattering, and
an oxygen vacancy acts as an intrinsic electron-trapping site in TCE. Thus, we propose a …
Abstract
Transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) play an important role in transporting electrons to an active layer, which directly affects electrochemical reactions in electrochromic (EC) energy-storage devices. However, homogeneous and fast electron supply to electrochemically active layer is mainly limited by interfacial properties of the TCE. Especially, a rough interfacial structure leads to redundant voids for electron scattering, and an oxygen vacancy acts as an intrinsic electron-trapping site in TCE. Thus, we propose a highly smooth morphology and oxygen vacancy passivated TCE to boost electron and Li ion transport without an active material (WO3) adjustment. These nanostructures are synthesized with simultaneous effects of W co-doping and H2O2 during spray pyrolysis deposition (W-FTO/H2O2) for application in EC energy-storage devices. The highly dense and smooth surface of W-FTO/H2O2 provides a homogeneous electron supply to WO3, which induces uniform Li ion transport into WO3. And the oxygen vacancy passivated structure encourages electron mobility, which leads to in-depth Li ion transport. Consequently, the EC energy-storage electrodes fabricated with W-FTO/H2O2 as a TCE exhibited ultra-fast switching speeds (2.3 s for coloration and 0.6 s for bleaching) and a high rate capability because of the high electron mobility. An all-solid-state cell fabricated with W-FTO/H2O2 as a TCE exhibited remarkable cyclic stability (transmittance retention of 92% and specific capacitance retention of 95.8% after 2,000 continuous cycles) because of the homogeneous electron transfer at the interface. Therefore, we demonstrate that tailoring interface structure of TCE is a promising strategy to improve the performance of EC energy-storage devices.
Elsevier
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