Psilorrhynchus Gemminger & Harold, 1869, is revised. The name Psilorrhynchus is reaffirmed as a replacement name for Psilorhynchus Blanchard, 1844, junior homonym of Psilorhynchus McClelland, 1839. Two species are recognized as valid: Psilorrhynchus bifasciatus (Blanchard, 1844) n. comb. and P. abdominalis (Perty, 1830) n. comb. Psilorrhynchus nigrolineatus Pic, 1910 and P. bifasciatus var. inapicalis Pic, 1947 are considered as new synonyms of Psilorrhynchus bifasciatus (Blanchard, 1844) n. comb., whilst P. abdominalis var. prolongata Pic, 1947 is considered to be a new synonym of Psilorrhynchus abdominalis (Perty, 1830) n. comb. Lectotypes are designated for Psilorhynchus bifasciatus var. inapicalis Pic, 1947, Psilorrhynchus nigrolineatus Pic, 1910, Malthinus abdominalis Perty, 1830, and Psilorhynchus abdominalis var. prolongata Pic, 1947. A distribution map of Psilorrhynchus in South America is provided.