neurons having spinal projections with terminations in close proximity to abdominal
expiratory motoneurons. It was also shown to receive projections from the dorsomedial
nucleus (DM) of the intercollicular complex and, in songbirds, from the nucleus robustus
archistriatalis (nRbA) of the telencephalon. Nucleus retroambigualis is thus an important
nexus in the final common pathway for respiration and vocalization.