A series of samples with yttrium α-SiAlON compositions and different amounts of additive has been fabricated from α-Si₃N₄, AlN, Al₂O₃ and Y₂O₃ starting powders, using gas pressure sintering and three different sintering procedures. One series of samples was heated up to 1825°C and then held for 3 h, another group of samples was held at a lower temperature (1500 or 1600°C) for 1 h and then heated up to 1825°C and held for 3 h. The results of investigations using scanning electron microscopy showed the effect of composition and sintering procedure on the morphology of α-SiAlON grains. It was found that the amount of elongated grains increased with increasing amount of liquid phase. The mechanical tests showed that all of the samples exhibited HV10 values in the range of 1800–1976 kg/mm and K_IC values in the range of 3.9–6.3 MPam^1/2.