asked for copies of their graduate syllabi. We coded more than 3,400 papers referenced on
these syllabi for gender of authors as well as other characteristics. Less than 30% of the
papers referenced on these syllabi were written by female first authors, with no evidence of a
trend toward greater inclusion of papers published by female first authors since the 1980s.
The difference in inclusion rates of female first-authored papers could not be explained by a …