The" green revolution" began in the Punjab in 1965, with the introduction of new high-yield varieties of wheat and rice in Ludhiana district, through the Punjab Agricultural University. Opinion differs about when, or whether, it ended. This paper describes the main outlines of the revolution in one village between 1965 and 1978. Those who have described the green revolution as a success have generally stressed the importance of the new seed varieties and the packages of improved inputs associated with them, land reform, and improved credit.'Those who have opposed these optimistic assessments have argued, at various levels, that the gains have not been real or significant, that the changes were underway anyway and cannot be clearly attributed to the new varieties, 2 that the gains have been or may