Humans differ in their ability to learn how to control their own brain activity by
neurofeedback. However, neural mechanisms underlying these inter-individual differences,
which may determine training success and associated cognitive enhancement, are not well-
understood. Here, it is asked whether neurofeedback success of frontal-midline (fm) theta,
an oscillation related to higher cognitive functions, could be predicted by the morphology of
brain structures known to be critically involved in fm-theta generation. Nineteen young, right …