Unicondylar fractures of the femur are characterized by avulsion of one femoral condyle while the other intact condyle remains in continuity with the femoral metaphysis (1). Accounting for only 0.65% of all femoral fractures (5, 7, 10), they have never been reviewed extensively in the orthopedic literature, in particular as a class of fracture. They have almost always been included in the generic group of distal-third femoral fractures (8, 10). Unicondylar femoral fractures represent a diagnostic problem, as they are often overlooked owing to their frequent association with other fractures of the same limb or in other regions. Moreover, they show great anatomical variability, resulting in difficult radiologic evaluation and in a controversial therapeutic approach (8). They occur following direct impact, avulsion or action of shear forces on the knee, generally in sports activities or traffic accidents, particularly dashboard trauma (4, 10, 11, 12, 13). The critical point is represented by the trochlear-condylar groove, located at the junction between the trochlea and the medial and lateral condyles; starting from this typical site, the fracture line may be frontal, sagittal or oblique in each condyle (1, 10, 13). The lateral condyle is involved three times as often as the medial one (1, 6, 8, 13).