Graphene is a new kind of two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial with excellent properties
and is promising for solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Plastic microtubes such as poly
(tetrafluoroethylene)(PTFE) and poly (ether ether ketone) are ideal substrates for in-tube
SPME. However, immobilization of graphene layers onto these materials is still a problem
due to their nature of chemical resistance. In order to solve the problem, we proposed a
novel method based on universal mussel-inspired polydopamine (PD) and layer-by-layer …