devices is essential for their development and optimization. In this investigation, synchrotron-
based photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) was used to experimentally delineate the
character and energy position of the valence band structures of a mixed perovskite. The
valence band was measured using PES with photon energies ranging from ultraviolet
photoelectron spectroscopy (21.2 eV) to hard X-rays (up to 4000 eV), and by taking the …