photovoltaics, and electronic devices. These devices are usually grown on thick and rigid Ge
substrates manufactured by classical wafering techniques. Nanomembranes (NMs) provide
an alternative to this approach while offering wafer-scale lateral dimensions, weight
reduction, waste limitation, and cost effectiveness. Herein, we introduce the Porous
germanium Efficient Epitaxial LayEr Release (PEELER) process, which consists of the …