Miscanthus is identified as one of the best options for low input bioenergy production in Europe. It is a perennial grassy crop for biomass production, the whole aboveground biomass of which can be utilized as energy raw material for combustion. Miscanthus is very adaptive to various agroecological conditions, which makes it promising for cultivation even on less fertile land areas. In this paper we have analyzed the impact of water supply from precipitation on the formation of the miscanthus aboveground biomass yield in an experiment lasting several years, established on carbonate chernozem. In the fourth season of cultivation a full establishing of the stands (maximum yield) of miscanthus was achieved. Sufficient water supply is necessary for ensuring good establishing rates and satisfactory biomass production. Insufficient water supply (drought) can cause considerable retardation of the crop growth and development in some fertilization treatments. Seasonal yield differences, that have been noticed, are mainly the result of aquatic stress.