Many structures that have been constructed on gypsiferous soils have big problems,
especially in drying-wetting sequence, contrast of construction on non-gypsum-soils due to
the collapsibility of gypsum. These soils are formed by the evaporation of saline
groundwater when the water table is near the ground surface. Gypsiferous soils are
widespread in the Middle East especially in regions peripheral to the Red sea and Arabian
Gulf. They cover large areas of Iraq which may be extended to 20% of the total Iraq's area …

Many structures that have been constructed on gypsiferous soils have big problems,
especially in drying-wetting sequence, contrast of construction on non-gypsum-soils due to
the collapsibility of gypsum. These soils are formed by the evaporation of saline
groundwater when the water table is near the ground surface. Gypsiferous soils are
widespread in the Middle East especially in regions peripheral to the Red sea and Arabian
Gulf. They cover large areas of Iraq which may be extended to 20% of the total Iraq\\\'s area …