… principle and measure total corneal astigmatism by a ray tracing technique that took …
tomographer was marked “OK” (valid data of 95% or more). The exclusion criteria were as follows: …

… of corneal astigmatism need to be … marking techniques. Montes de Oca and colleagues
reported a mean error of less than 3 for both manual and an automated marking technique, with …

… for the right eye and superonasal for the left eye, clear corneal … vector analysis using the
Alpins method. We noted all cases, … of tunnel and sideport incisions were marked at the slit lamp, …

… A single reference point at the temporal limbus was marked … limbus were also marked to
help identify the cornea center. … astigmatism using the Alpins method, both methods showed …

… not measured intraoperatively) and marking of patients' eyes at … the steep corneal meridian
reduces corneal astigmatism. As … of methods for analyzing corneal astigmatism induced by …

… surgery, with corneal astigmatism equal to … eye is its own control, the two techniques, manual
and automated (based on conjunctival registration), differ only by a mean of 4.7 for marking …

… technique used today to reduce pre-existing astigmatism at … shorter and more central corneal
astigmatic incisions, and … (RK) marker may be used to place ink marks upon the cornea to …

… the corneal marks with the reference marks in the IOL. … of the posterior corneal surface in
total corneal astigmatism may yield … compared methods that estimate total corneal astigmatism …

… The axis was marked in the light of the biomicroscopy in all patients preoperatively. The …
In the presence of preoperative corneal astigmatism corneal incisions such as CCI, paired …

… Surgical Technique The 6 o'clock position on the cornea was marked under topical anesthetic
on the slit-lamp preoperatively. A sterile marker pen was used to stain the tip of the needle …