Highlights•Review structural studies of mitochondrial respiratory complexes (I–IV).•These
complexes couple electron transfer and proton pumping with various mechanisms.•Complex …

The mitochondrial respiratory chain, also known as the electron transport chain (ETC), is
crucial to life, and energy production in the form of ATP is the main mitochondrial function …

In the inner mitochondrial membrane, the respiratory chain complexes generate an
electrochemical proton gradient, which is utilized to synthesize most of the cellular ATP …

The four complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain are critical for ATP production in
most eukaryotic cells. Structural characterisation of these complexes has been critical for …

Mitochondria are the power stations of the eukaryotic cell, using the energy released by the
oxidation of glucose and other sugars to produce ATP. Electrons are transferred from NADH …

Respiratory chain complexes execute energy conversion by connecting electron transport
with proton translocation over the inner mitochondrial membrane to fuel ATP synthesis …

Highlights•Respiratory complex I (NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is a redox-driven
proton pump.•Bacterial MBH and plastid NDH are members of the complex I superfamily.• …

The mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) is a key energy transducer in eukaryotic cells.
Four respiratory chain complexes cooperate in the transfer of electrons derived from various …

Mitochondrial complex I, the largest and most complicated proton pump of the respiratory
chain, links the electron transfer from NADH to ubiquinone to the pumping of four protons …

The mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system is central to cellular metabolism. It
comprises five enzymatic complexes and two mobile electron carriers that work in a …