All species have evolved in the presence of disturbance, and thus are in a sense matched to
the recurrence pattern of the perturbations. Consequently, disturbances within the typical …

Many natural disturbances have a strong climate forcing, and concern is rising about how
ecosystems will respond to disturbance regimes to which they are not adapted. Novelty can …

Abrupt ecological changes are, by definition, those that occur over short periods of time
relative to typical rates of change for a given ecosystem. The potential for such changes is …

▪ Abstract We review the evidence of regime shifts in terrestrial and aquatic environments in
relation to resilience of complex adaptive ecosystems and the functional roles of biological …

Anthropogenic activities are increasingly affecting ecosystems across the globe. Meanwhile,
empirical and theoretical evidence suggest that natural systems can exhibit abrupt collapses …

Disturbances are fundamental components of ecosystems and, in many cases, a dominant
driver of ecosystem structure and function at multiple spatial and temporal scales. While the …

Our capacity to predict trajectories of ecosystem degradation and recovery is limited,
especially when impairments are caused by multiple stressors. Recovery may be fast or …

In contrast to pulses in resource availability following disturbance events, many of the most
pressing global changes, such as elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and …

Understanding the joint effect of multiple drivers of environmental change is a key scientific
challenge. The dominant approach today is to compare observed joint effects with …

Cumulative ecological impacts of chronic, extreme, and often novel, anthropogenic
environmental changes (ie, stressors) often differ from the sum of their individual effects …