Competition and cooperation in environmental policy: individual and interaction effects

K Holzinger, C Knill - Journal of public policy, 2004 - cambridge.org
The theory of regulatory competition suggests a race to the bottom of environmental
standards. This theory, however, has not found much empirical support. Several attempts to …

Balancing competitiveness and conditionality: environmental policy-making in low-regulating countries

C Knill, J Tosun And, S Heichel - Journal of European Public Policy, 2008 - Taylor & Francis
This article scrutinizes the effects of economic competition on environmental standard levels
in low-regulating states that intensify their economic interlinkage with high-regulating …

'Race to the bottom'or 'Race to Brussels'? Environmental Competition in Europe

K Holzinger, T Sommerer - JCMS: Journal of Common Market …, 2011 - Wiley Online Library
The theory of regulatory competition in environmental policy predicts a 'race to the bottom'of
standards. This article tests the theory using environmental output data for 24 countries from …

Compliance, communication and competition: patterns of EU environmental policy making and their impact on policy convergence

C Knill, A Lenschow - European Environment, 2005 - Wiley Online Library
Responsibility for environmental policy making in Europe has shifted to the EU level to a
remarkable extent. Considering that many of the EU measures aim at levelling the playing …

Environmental regulatory competition: A status report and some new evidence

A Levinson - National tax journal, 2003 - journals.uchicago.edu
Concerns about devolving environmental regulatory powers to lower levels of government
permeate debates in the US and Europe about the appropriate level of regulatory authority …

The interaction of competition, co-operation and communication: Theoretical analysis of different sources of environmental policy convergence

K Holzinger, C Knill - Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis, 2008 - Taylor & Francis
Comparative studies on cross-national policy transfer and diffusion emphasize an
impressing degree of policy convergence in many areas. This holds true, in particular, for the …

Competition, cooperation and communication: a theoretical analysis of different sources of environmental policy convergence and their interaction

K Holzinger, C Knill - 2005 - irihs.ihs.ac.at
Comparative studies on cross-national policy transfer and diffusion emphasize an
impressing degree of policy convergence in many areas. This holds true, in particular, for the …

The puzzle of regulatory competition

CM Radaelli - Journal of Public Policy, 2004 - cambridge.org
Our understanding of international competition in regulatory policies has not progressed
much because conventional theories lead to a bewildering range of conclusions. Empirical …

Environmental policy convergence: The impact of international harmonization, transnational communication, and regulatory competition

K Holzinger, C Knill, T Sommerer - International Organization, 2008 - cambridge.org
In recent years, there is growing interest in the study of cross-national policy convergence.
Yet we still have a limited understanding of the phenomenon: Do we observe convergence …

The regulatory game

F Lévêque - Environmental Policy in Europe, 1996 - elgaronline.com
This chapter provides the reader with the analytical framework which irrigates the economic
analysis of the European fabric of environmental policy. The analytical framework has four …