Infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens play a major role in the
morbidity and mortality of hospitalized patients. The rise of resistance to current antibiotic …

Introduction The resistance-nodulation-division (RND) family is the most important group of
multidrug efflux pumps in Gram-negative bacteria. Their inhibition increases the …

Efflux is a natural process found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells that removes a
diverse range of substrates from inside to outside. Many antibiotics are substrates of …

Multidrug resistance (MDR) in Gram-negative pathogens, such as the Enterobacteriaceae
and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, poses a significant threat to our ability to effectively treat …

Resistance to multiple drugs in medically important bacteria results in therapeutic
challenges for the clinician. The mechanisms by which bacteria evade the effects of …

The rise in multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the greatest threats to human health
worldwide. MDR in bacterial pathogens is a major challenge in healthcare, as bacterial …

Objectives We hypothesized that small heterocyclic or nitrogen-containing compounds could
act as RND efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs). To ascertain possible EPIs, we sought to identify …

Introduction: One of the possibilities for reducing the emergence and spread of antibiotic
resistance is the use of anti-resistance compounds capable of resensitizing resistant …

The emergence of active efflux as a major causative factor in antibiotic resistance has been
one of the most significant trends in antiinfective chemotherapy over the last decade. The …

Efflux, particularly that mediated by the resistance-nodulation-division (RND) family of
multiple antibiotic efflux systems that are prevalent in Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, is …