Immune cells secrete small protein molecules that aim for cell–cell communications. These
small molecules are called cytokines. Targeting cancer cells with administration of bispecific …

The human innate and adaptive immune systems consist of effector cells producing
cytokines (interleukins, interferons, chemokines, and numerous other mediators). Usually, a …

The term Bcytokine storm^ has been adopted in the past several decades as a phrase to
describe the aberrant production of soluble mediators and the accompanying …

Cytokine storm is a phenomenon characterized by strong elevated circulating cytokines that
most often occur after an overreactive immune system is activated by an acute systemic …

Infectious diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide. Sepsis is a severe clinical
syndrome related to the host response to infection. The severity of infections is due to an …

IL-6 contributes to host defense against infections and tissue injuries. However,
exaggerated, excessive synthesis of IL-6 while fighting environmental stress leads to an …

A cytokine storm is an abnormal discharge of soluble mediators following an inappropriate
inflammatory response that leads to immunopathological events. Cytokine storms can occur …

The term cytokine storm has become a popular descriptor of the dramatic harmful
consequences of the rapid release of polypeptide mediators, or cytokines, that generate …

Synonymous with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, macrophage activation
syndrome (MAS) is a term used by rheumatologists to describe a potentially life-threatening …

Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) has generally been described as a collection of clinical
manifestations resulting from an overactivated immune system. Cytokine storms (CSs) are …