Transdermal delivery has been at the forefront of research addressing the development of
non-invasive methods for the systemic administration of peptide and protein therapeutics …

The minimally-or non-invasive delivery of therapeutic agents through the skin has several
advantages compared to other delivery routes and plays an important role in medical care …

Historically, developments in transdermal drug delivery have been incremental, focusing on
overcoming problems associated with the barrier properties of the skin, reducing skin …

Transdermal delivery of peptides and proteins avoids the disadvantages associated with the
invasive parenteral route of administration and other alternative routes such as the …

Skin is the largest external organ in the human body but its use for therapeutic purposes has
been minimal. Stratum corneum residing on the uppermost layer of the skin provides a tough …

Despite the increased availability of therapeutic proteins and peptides, delivery remains
almost entirely via hypodermic needle. Transdermal delivery offers an attractive noninvasive …

Advances in molecular biology have given us a wide range of protein and peptide-based
drugs that are unsuitable for oral delivery because of their high degree of first-pass …

The protective function of human skin imposes physicochemical limitations to the type of
permeant that can traverse the barrier. For a drug to be delivered passively via the skin it …

Transdermal drug delivery has attracted considerable attention in recent years and the
potential advantages of this mode of administration have been well documented [1]. The …

This overview on skin delivery considers the evolution of the principles of percutaneous
absorption and skin products from ancient times to today. Over the ages, it has been …