The occurrence and accompanying risks of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in Indonesian jamu
were evaluated. PAs were detected in 34 out of 35 jamu containing PA-producing …

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are noted for their hepatotoxic, genotoxic, and carcinogenic
effects in animals and humans following metabolic activation in the liver. In this study, herbal …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Herbal medicines have been used for centuries for the
management and treatment of various ailments due to the belief that they pose only little or …

EFSA was asked by the European Commission to deliver a scientific opinion on the risks for
human health related to the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA s) in honey, tea, herbal …

Incidences of human exposure to pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and their adverse effects
have previously been reported in three African countries. In view of the increasing intake of …

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are the most common plant-derived toxins with emerging
evidence to contaminate soil, water, nearby plants and derived food products. Outbreaks of …

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) are toxic for human and livestock. They undergo a metabolic
toxication process in the liver which is the first target organ for PA poisoning. Worldwide …

Acute liver toxicity, specifically in the form of hepatic veno-occlusive disease (HVOD), is
known from reports on human poisonings following ingestions of 1, 2-unsaturated …

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a class of natural toxins with hepatotoxicity, genotoxicity
and carcinogenicity. They are endogenous and adulterated toxic components widely found …

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and their N-oxides are found in several plant families
throughout the world. PAs are potentially toxic to the liver and/or lungs in humans and may …