The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggered by bacterial endotoxin
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays a key role during the pathogenesis of sepsis. Given the key …

Inflammatory stimulants such as bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) are known
to induce tissue damage and injury partly through the induction of reactive oxygen species …

Abstract Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinases (IRAKs), particularly IRAK1 and IRAK4,
are important in transducing signal from Toll-like receptor 4. We interrogated if a selective …

Abstract IRAK‐4 kinase inactive (IRAK‐4 KD) knock‐in mice display defects in TLR‐and IL‐1
receptor signaling and are resistant to LPS‐induced shock. In the present study we …

Prior exposure to LPS induces “endotoxin tolerance” that reprograms TLR4 responses to
subsequent LPS challenge by altering expression of inflammatory mediators. Endotoxin …

TLRs mediate host defense against microbial pathogens by eliciting production of
inflammatory mediators and activating expression of MHC, adhesion, and costimulatory …

The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by host macrophages plays a critical role
during the pathogenesis of diverse inflammatory diseases. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide …

Sepsis is the leading cause of mortality in intensive care units due to complex inflammatory
immune responses and immunosuppression. Recent studies have indicated that the …

Although both inflammatory and metabolic complications occur during sepsis and
endotoxemia, relatively few studies have examined the molecular mechanism underlying …

Local activation of the macrophage by endotoxin is essential for the eradication of invasive
gram-negative infections. Circulating endotoxin at lower concentrations results in immune …