Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease with manifestations resulting from a
dysregulated immune response. In psoriatic skin, expression of all phosphodiesterase 4 …

Background Apremilast, a small molecule specific inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4, works
intracellularly to modulate pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators. This phase II …

ABSTRACT Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is a key enzyme in the regulation of immune
responses of inflammatory diseases through degradation of the second messenger, cyclic …

Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 participates in regulating the inflammatory response by
degrading cyclic adenosine 3′, 5′-monophosphate (cAMP), a key second messenger …

Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated disease associated with several co-morbidities and
negative impacts on a patient's quality of life. Despite the advances in biologic therapy, there …

Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are common clinical conditions that negatively impact health-
related quality of life and are linked to serious medical comorbidities. Disease mechanisms …

Background Apremilast works intracellularly to regulate inflammatory mediators. Objective
ESTEEM 1 evaluated efficacy/safety of apremilast at 30 mg twice a day for moderate to …

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and biological activity of apremilast in patients with severe
plaque-type psoriasis. Research design and methods: Apremilast, a phosphodiesterase‑4 …

Psoriasis is a common, chronic, inflammatory skin disease. Being a life-long condition, a
prolonged and safe control of the disease is needed. Current anti-psoriatic treatments show …

Background Apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 inhibitor, has demonstrated
efficacy in psoriasis, while its efficacy in atopic dermatitis (AD) was found to be modest. AD is …