Introduction. Motion metrics have become an important source of information when
addressing the assessment of surgical expertise. However, their direct relationship with the …

Background: Recent attempts to gain a more objective measure of surgical technical skill
include the use of structured checklists and motion analysis of surgeons' hand movements …

Background: A high level of psychomotor skills is required to perform minimally invasive
surgery (MIS) safely. To be able to measure these skills is important in the assessment of …

Abstract Background Motion analysis parameters (MAPs) have been extensively validated
for assessment of minimally invasive surgical skills. However, there are discrepancies on …

Background The use of simulation for laparoscopic training has led to the development of
objective tools for skills assessment. Motion analysis represents one area of focus. This …

Background From the clinical point of view, it is important to recognize residents' level of
expertise with regard to basic psychomotor skills. For that reason, surgeons and surgical …

Background Despite technological advances in the tracking of surgical motions, automatic
evaluation of laparoscopic skills remains remote. A new method is proposed that combines …

Purpose To create and empirically verify a taxonomy of metrics for assessing surgical
technical skills, and to determine which types of metrics, skills, settings, learners, models …

Background Objective assessment of psychomotor skills has become an important
challenge in the training of minimally invasive surgical (MIS) techniques. Currently, no gold …

In minimally invasive surgery (MIS), a surgeon needs to acquire a certain level of basic
psychomotor MIS skills to perform surgery safely. Evaluation of those skills is a major …