Constructed wetlands are a nature-based engineering solution enabling polishing of septic
tank effluents at low-cost. However to date, the influence of planting on treatment efficiency …

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are simple low-cost wastewater treatment units that use natural
process to improve the effluent water quality and make it possible for its reuse. In the present …

In the search for design criteria for constructed wetlands (CWs) in Nepal a semi-scale
experimental setup including horizontal flow (HF) and vertical flow (VF) CWs was …

Abstract Vertical Flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) are environmentally feasible
engineered systems that mimic the functions of natural wetlands. They are alternative …

This study evaluates the potential of subsurface flow (SSF) constructed wetlands (CWs) for
tertiary treatment of wastewater at four shorter HRTs (1–4 days). The CWs were planted with …

The purification of the primary treated domestic sewage was performed in the present study
through the horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetland (CW) of 10× 3.5 m dimension …

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of two pilot horizontal flow constructed
wetlands (HFCWs) with and without vegetation. Three types of plants namely Canna …

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are human-made systems designed to treat a variety of
industrial, domestic and agricultural wastewaters. We study here the efficiency of domestic …

Vertical flow constructed wetlands (VF CWs) are becoming increasingly popular for onsite
wastewater treatment due to their high oxygen transfer capacity and high nitrification rates …

Wetlands have been used for uncontrolled wastewater disposal for centuries. However, the
change in attitude towards wetlands during the 1950s and 1960s caused the minimization of …