In Europe, forests have been strongly influenced by human land-use for millennia. Here, we
studied the importance of anthropogenic historical factors as determinants of understorey …

In regions with a long cultural history, past land‐use may strongly determine floristic
composition in seemingly natural vegetation. Here we examine if past land‐use affects …

Question: What is the relative influence of forest continuity, environmental differences and
geographical context on vegetation and species richness in ancient and recent forests …

Bolderslev Skov (113 ha) is the largest contiguous ancient forest remnant in Denmark. The
forest has been preserved since 1998 as a strict non-intervention forest reserve. We studied …

Little is known about the importance of the forest overstorey relative to other factors in
controlling the spatial variability in understorey species composition in near-natural …

European forests have been affected by human activities since Neolithic times, especially
through fragmentation and conversion into non-native tree plantations. Documenting and …

Questions Past agricultural land use and forest management have shaped and influenced
the understorey composition in European forests for centuries. We investigated whether …

An attempt is made to review some of the effects of site history on the composition and
diversity of temperate deciduous forests and their communities. An analysis of the dispersal …

Particularly in the temperate climate zone many forests have, at some moment in their
history, been used as agriculture land. Forest cover is therefore often not as stable as it …

Several threatened forest species are currently associated with semi-open, wood-pasture
conditions and do not thrive in present-day, non-intervention temperate forests of north …