Photosynthesis sustains plant life on earth and is indispensable for plant growth and
development. Factors such as unfavorable environmental conditions, stress regulatory …

Photosynthesis is crucial for sustaining life on this planet and necessary for plant growth and
development. Abiotic stresses such as high and low temperatures, and excess, or deficit of …

Plants encounter various abiotic stresses due to their sessile nature which include heavy
metals, salt, drought, nutrient deficiency, light intensity, pesticide contamination, as well as …

Photosynthesis serves as a global stress sensor in plants, algae and cyanobacteria. In this
overview, we focus on higher plants only. Although several structural and functional …

Abiotic stressful conditions of the environment such as soil salinity, drought, flood, heat, cold,
anaerobiosis, gaseous pollutants, radiation, and high levels of metals in the soil are major …

Global warming and climate change intensified the occurrence and severity of abiotic
stresses that seriously affect the growth and development of plants, especially, plant …

Abiotic stress accounts for huge crop losses every year across the globe. In plants, the
photosynthetic machinery gets severely damaged at various levels due to adverse …

Plants in natural environments must cope with diverse, highly dynamic, and unpredictable
conditions. They have mechanisms to enhance the capture of light energy when light …

Abiotic stress is a problem of grave concern for the growth and productivity of plants in
modern times. Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures, are …

Plants as sessile organisms are continuously exposed to abiotic stress conditions that
impose numerous detrimental effects and cause tremendous loss of yield. Abiotic stresses …